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@#Objective To explore the efficacy of prone positioning ventilation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (STAAD) surgery. Methods From November 2019 to September 2021, patients with ARDS who was placed prone position after STAAD surgery in the Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University were collected. Data such as the changes of blood gas, respiratory mechanics and hemodynamic indexes before and after prone positioning, complications and prognosis were collected for statistical analysis. Results A total of 264 STAAD patients had surgical treatment, of whom 40 patients with postoperative ARDS were placed prone position. There were 37 males and 3 females with an average age of 49.88±11.46 years. The oxygen partial pressure, oxygenation index and peripheral blood oxygen saturation 4 hours and 12 hours after the prone positioning, and 2 hours and 6 hours after the end of the prone positioning were significantly improved compared with those before prone positioning ventilation (P<0.05). The oxygenation index 2 hours after the end of prone positioning which was less than 131.42 mm Hg, indicated that the patient might need ventilation two or more times of prone position. Conclusion Prone position ventilation for patients with moderate to severe ARDS after STAAD surgery is a safe and effective way to improve the oxygenation.
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To explore the effect of tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) on the occurrence and development of breast cancer, we employed the mouse mammary tumor virus-polyomavirus middle T antigen (MMTV-PyMT) transgenic mice as a spontaneous breast cancer mouse model. Animal welfare and experimental procedures were in accordance with the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine. The animals were divided into control group, low-dose TanIIA treatment group (30 mg·kg-1·day-1), and high-dose TanIIA treatment group (60 mg·kg-1·day-1). The treatment was administered orally and daily for 5 weeks. The mice were sacrificed after final treatment. Mammary gland and lung were collected for histopathology studies. We evaluated the chemoprophylaxis effect of TanIIA on breast cancer in mice according to the pathological characteristics of breast cancer at different stages of development. Immunofluorescence staining were employed for blood vessel analysis. The expression levels of E-cadherin, proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA), and oncogene c-Myc were detected by immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cell cycle and Cytoscape was used to construct drug-disease protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Our results showed that TanIIA inhibits breast tumor progression by delaying malignancy from adenoma to early carcinoma, and inhibits blood vessel formation during tumor development. TanIIA (60 mg·kg-1·day-1) inhibits the expression levels of PCNA and c-Myc, upregulates the expression of E-cadherin. In addition, cell cycle experiments showed that the cell cycle of PyMT primary mammary cells in the high-dose TanIIA group was arrested in the G0/G1 phase. Our study demonstrated that TanIIA can significantly inhibit breast tumor progression in MMTV-PyMT mouse model, which may be related to the inhibition of angiogenic switch and cell cycle arrest.
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OBJECTIVE: To improve the pretreatment method for the detection of lead, manganese and their inorganic compounds in workplace air samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. METHODS: In this method, 20.0 mL of 1.0-2.0 mol/L nitric acid solution was used as the digestion solution to digest the microporous membrane sample at 140-160 ℃ to a volume of 0.5-1.0 mL. Samples were cooled and fixed to 10 mL and detected by flame atomic absorption spectrometry method. RESULTS: The lead detection had a good linear relationship in the range of 0.10-3.00 mg/L. The correlation coefficient was 0.999 5, the detection limit and the lower limit of quantification were 0.03 and 0.10 mg/L respectively(calculated by 3 and 10 times of standard deviation respectively). The minimum detection concentration was 0.004 mg/m~3, and the minimum quantitative concentration was 0.010 mg/m~3(collected by 75 L air calculation). The manganese detection had a good linear relationship in the range of 0.05-3.00 mg/L mass concentration. The correlation coefficient was 0.999 8, the detection limit and the lower limit of quantification were 0.015 and 0.05 mg/L respectively(calculated by 3 and 10 times of standard deviation respectively), the minimum detection concentration was 0.002 mg/m~3, and the minimum quantitative concentration was 0.007 mg/m~3(based on collection 75 L air calculation). The recovery rate of standard addition was 97.8%-99.6%, and the relative standard deviation within and between run were 0.4%-2.0% and 0.4%-1.7% respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, the reagent consumption is small, the digestion temperature is low, the precision and accuracy are high. This method is suitable for widespread use.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To find out the incidence of early DVT in patients after knee arthroscopic surgery with routine use of tourniquet and discuss the associate risk factors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Total 1 561 cases undertaken primary knee arthroscopic surgery was reviewed retrospectively from January 2013 to January 2017, including 651 males and 910 females with a mean age of (65.7±8.7) years old ranging from 62 to 81 years old. The cases were divided into DVT group and non-DVT group according to ultrasonic Doppler after surgery. The DVT occurrence rate was calculated and the basic information was analyzed to filter out the risk factors through univariate analysis and multivariate analysis. The cases of DVT group received 6 months anticoagulation therapy and were undertaken a follow-up of 1, 3, 6 months by ultrasonic Doppler.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Out of the 1 561 cases, 226(14.5%) developed early DVTs following surgery, 32(2.0%) cases had the proximal DVTs, and 194(12.4%) cases had the isolated distal DVTs. The risk factors include the age(>=73 years), female sex and gastrocnemius vein dilation (GVD), hypertension, longer tourniquet time(>=74 min). The GVD and the length of tourniquet time was considered to be the best predictor of the early DVTs after surgery, with an odds ratio of 2.337 (95% CI, 1.644-3.611) and 2.112 (95%CI, 1.452-3.301). Twelve isolated distal DVTs(6.6%) and 11 proximal DVTs(36.7%) still showed thrombus at 6-month follow-up, but exhibit decreased size and at various stage of resolution.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The incidence of early DVTs after knee arthroscopic surgery is 14.5%. Out of all risk factors, the GVD and the length of tourniquet time have the best power for prediction of DVTs after surgery. Both proximal and distal DVTs received accepted outcomes after formal therapy.</p>
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Objective@#To measure and analyze the bone volume and thickness of mandibular angle area by computer-assisted CT.@*Methods@#From January 2010 to January 2016, 94 female patients with mandibular angle hypertrophy and bilateral mandibular angle osteotomy were selected. Twenty female patients with non-mandibular surgery were selected as control group (patient examined after nasal augmentation surgery), aged 18 to 37 years, with an average of 27.5 years. Three dimensional CT data of maxillofacial bone of patients were collected. The three dimensional reconstruction and measurement software Mimics 16.0 was used. A three-dimensional model of mandibular angle region was established. The thickness and volume of mandibular angle were measured and analyzed. The total difference between hypertrophic group and normal group was compared by two independent t-test.@*Results@#The thickness of mandibular angle area and mandibular angle area in hypertrophic group were (9.39±1.48) mm and (3 065.25±720.1) mm3 respectively, and the thickness of mandibular angle area and mandibular angle region in control group were (7.48±0.92) mm and (1 276.57±265) mm3, respectively. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05).@*Conclusions@#Based on CT scanning data, a method of measuring the bone volume and thickness of mandibular angle region is established, which is helpful to the three-dimensional measurement and analysis of mandibular shape in patients with mandibular angle hypertrophy.
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@#Retinal degeneration diseases, including age related macular degeneration, retinitis pigmentosa and glaucoma optic atrophy etc, are characterized by the degeneration of retinal neural cells, retinal photoreceptor cells and retinal pigment epithelium cells, etc.Retinal degeneration diseases are the main cause of blindness. It has been generally assumed that the mature mammalian retinal cell is devoid of repair and regenerative capability, hence it's irreversible of retinal cell apoptosis. Currently, there is no efficient method to regenerate retinal organ. However, stem cell would hold great promise to restore visual function, so as to provide an alternative medical care with the biological property of differentiation and proliferation into target cells to replace degenerated retinal cells. This review focus on the sources of retinal stem cells and their applications on retinal degeneration diseases.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore plantar pressure measurement system in treating the first ray hypermobility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2013 to January 2014, 16 female patients (20 feet) with hallux valgus with unstable of the first sequence were treated by first tarsometatarsal joint fusion, aged from 42 to 52 years old with an average of(46.5±2.9) years old, the course of disease was from 3 to 5 years. Twenty healthy female(20 feet) were chosen as control group, and single side were only choose, aged from 41 to 55 years old with an average of(46.8±4.5) years old. Preoperative and postoperative AOFAS score was used to evaluate feet function. Plantar pressure measurement system were applied to compare peak value of the dynamic pressure and impulse indicators of affected feet and control normal feet from the first to the fifth head of metatarsal bone.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up from 24 to 30 months with an average of 27.4 months. Hallux valgus deformity of affected feet were corrected, pain and swelling of the second head of metatarsal bone were disappeared. There were statistical differences in AOFAS score between preoperative (45.55±12.28) and postoperative (85.45±6.76). There were significant differences in peak pressure, pressure between affected feet and normal feet of the first and second head of metatarsal bone. Postoperative peak pressure, pressure of the first affected head of metatarsal bone were increased than that of before operation, but no differences compared with control group(>0.05). Postoperative peak pressure, pressure of the second affected head of metatarsal bone were decreased before operation(<0.05), but no meaning compared with control group(>0.05). There were no significant differences compared between the forth and fifth affected head of metatarsal bone and control group(>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There were obvious differences in pressure of the first and second head of metatarsal bone patients with unstable of the first sequence, the first tarsometatarsal joint fusing could recover plantar pressure of the first and second head of metatarsal bone by plantar pressure measurement system.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical curative effects of internal drainage by expanding arthroscopic gastrocnemius-semimembranosus bursa(GSB) and cyst wall resection for the treatment of popliteal cysts.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective analysis of patients from May 2011 to December 2015. Arthroscopic treatment for 41 patients with popliteal fossa cysts, 18 males and 23 females, aged from 34 to 67 years old, averaged 42.6 years old. All the patients had preoperative magnetic resonance imagings to confirm the diagnosis and identify the valvular opening(Gastrocnemius-Semimembranosus bursa, GSB), as well as the associated intra-articular pathology. All the popliteal cysts were unilateral, including 26 cases of right knees and 15 cases of left knees. Five patients had recurrent popliteal cysts, and all of them underwent initial open Surgery. The duration from initial surgery to the recurrence ranged from 6 to 17 months(averaged, 11 months). All the patients had underwent arthroscopic treatment of internal drainage by expanding GSB and cyst wall resection. According to the Rauschning and Lindgren classification, 5 cases were grade I , 30 cases were grade II and 6 cases were grade III. Preoperative Lysholm score, 83.19±6.12 (ranged form 73 to 95).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The GSB structure was found in all patients with popliteal cysts during operation, including cartilage degeneration in 33 cases, medial meniscus injury in 27 cases, lateral meniscus injury in 7 cases, free body in 8 cases, pigmented villonodular synovitis in 2 cases, and synovial chondromatosis in 3 cases. There were no complications related to vascular, nerve or surgical incision. All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 8 to 27 months, with an average of 18 months. No recurrence of cysts was found. According to the Rauschning and Lindgren classification, there were 9 cases of grade 0, 27 cases of grade I , 4 cases of grade II, 1 case of grade III. Postoperative Lysholm score:91.32±4.26(ranged from 82 to 98).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Arthroscopic internal drainage by expanding GSB and cyst wall resection surgery in the treatment of popliteal cysts has the advantages of less trauma, faster recovery and low relapse rate, which has a good short-term effect.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study clinical effects of triad operation including reconstruction of medial patellofemoral ligament, release of lateral retinaculum, Fulkerson tibial tubercle osteotomy, medial transfer and advancement under arthroscopy for the treatment of habitual dislocation of patella.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2010 to May 2016, 35 patients with habitual patellar dislocation were treated with the triad operation, including 14 males, 21 females, ranging in age from 18 to 38 years old, with an average of 25.8 years old. Twelve patients had dislocations on the left knee, and 23 patients had dislocations on the right knee. The changes of Q angle, TT-TG value and Kujala score were compared before and after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 9 to 35 months (mean, 23 months). The Q angle of male group was improved from preoperative (29.2±2.0)° to postoperative (14.8±1.2)°(<0.05), and the Q angle of female group was improved from preoperative(30.6±2.3)° to postoperative (16.7±1.5)° (<0.05). CT showed that the TT-TG value was improved from preoperative (20.3±2.2) mm to postoperative (10.3±1.2) mm (<0.05). The Kujala score was improved from preoperative 47.8±7.5 to postoperative 88.4±6.2 (<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The triad operation including reconstruction of medial patellofemoral ligament, release of lateral retinacular, Fulkerson tibial tubercle osteotomy, medial transfer and advancement under arthroscopy for the treatment of habitual dislocation of patella has good short-term clinical effects.</p>
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Objective: To prepare hydrogel matrix sustained-release tablets of resveratrol solid lipid nanoparticles, and the factors that might influence drug release and in vitro release models were also investigated in present study. Methods: The resveratrol-solid lipid nanoparticles (Res-SLN) were prepared by thin-film ultrasonic dispersion method, and then the hydrogel matrix was prepared by dispersed in excipients of hydrogel matrix sustained-release tablets. Single factor analysis was used to study the effects of varieties of adhesives, PEG, HPMC, and the amounts of HPMC K15 on drug release. Then the orthogonal design was used to gain the optimum formulation. Zero-order, first-order, Higuchi, and Ritger-Pappas models were used for the model fitting of drug release. Results: Hydrogel matrix sustained-release tablet of Res-SLN was better accorded with Zero-order kinetics model. The equation was Mt/M∞ = 0.078 7 t + 0.003 6 (r = 0.998 0). In vitro release behavior was in line with Ritger-Peppas equation, and the drug release from the tablets was controlled by degradation of the matrix. Conclusion: Prescription of hydrogel matrix sustained-release tablet of Res-SLN is reasonable; The preparation technology is feasible and exhibits perfect sustained-release characteristics in vitro in 12 h.
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To improve the bioavailability of 10-hydroxycamptothecin, 10-hydroxycamptothecin solid dispersion(HCPT-SD) and 10-hydroxycamptothecin-phospholipid complex-solid dispersion(HCPT-PC-SD) were prepared, and their solubility and dissolution rate were evaluated in this study. SD rates were administered intragastrically with HCPT-SD or HCPT-PC-SD respectively, then their blood samples were collected at different time intervals. The concentration of HCPT in blood was detected by HPLC method with camptothecin as internal standard, and then its pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and obtained. The results showed that the Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ of both kinds of solid dispersion of HCPT were significantly increased than those of crude drug. The AUC0-t of HCPT-SD was increased by 176.87%, and AUC0-t of HCPT-PC-SD was increased by 254.31% as compared with crude drug. Therefore, the two kinds of solid dispersion of HCPT could significantly enhance the bioavailability of HCPT in SD rates, and the effect of HCPT-PC-SD was more obvious.
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Objective To discuss the blood perfusion characteristic of benign and malignant gallbladder disease by contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS).Methods The enhancement characteristic of 62 patients with occupying lesions in gallbladder were observed.Four case of cholecystolithiasis accompany biliary sludge were proven by surgery and remaining 58 case were confirmed by histopathological examination.Their enhancement time and enhancement pattern were analyzed.Results The Time-to peak of benign and malignant disease were (22.4± 4.0)s and (27.7± 2.6)s (t =5.756,P ＜0.01),the Time-to-hypoenhancement of benign and malignant disease were (58.0 ± 7.3)s and (41.5 ± 4.0)s (t =10.33,P ＜0.01),respectively.The peak intensity of benign and malignant disease were (19.2 ± 3.6)dB and (25.1 ± 2.9) dB (t =6.85,P ＜0.01),the mean transit time of benign and malignant disease were (22.72 ± 4.7)s and (6.3± 6.4)s (t =15.001,P ＜0.01),respectively.The destruction of the gallbladder wall of benign and malignant disease were 0％ (0/36) and 57.7％ (15/26) (x2 =25.05,P ＜ 0.01),the inhomogeneous enhancement of benign except biliary sludge and malignant disease were 43.8％ (14/32) and 57.7％ (15/26) (x2 =1.115,P =0.291,respectively).In early phase,78.1％ (25/32) and 80.8 ％ (21/26) of benign disease except biliary sludge and malignant showed hyperenhancement respectively(x2 =3.15,P =0.207).In later phase,84.4％ (27/32) and 76.9％ (20/26) of benign disease except biliary sludge and malignant showed hypoenhancement respectively(x2 =3.615,P =0.164).Conclusions CEUS can obtain the information of blood perfusion and make quantitatively analysis about the enhancement time.It also facilitate the diagnosis of solid occupying lesion in gallbladder.
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Background: Anal fissure is one of the most common anal-rectum diseases, and approximately 10 percent patients with chronic anal fissure ultimately receive surgery. Relieving postoperative pain and protecting functions of the sphincter are central issues for coloproctologists. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of anoplasty in the treatment of chronic anal fissures. Design, setting, participants and interventions: In this prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial, 120 adult patients with chronic anal fissure were referred from Department of Coloproctology of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. The patients were enrolled from January 2009 to April 2010 and randomly divided into study (mucosa advancement flap anoplasty, abbreviated as anoplasty) group and control (fissurectomy) group. The two groups were assessed separately, and the main outcome measures were observed for 2 weeks, with a short-term follow-up for 6 weeks. Main outcome measures: Degree of pain, haemorrhage and anal canal pressure were observed and recorded preoperatively, and on the third day, the fourteenth day and the sixth week postoperatively. The wound healing time was also recorded. Surgical complications of the two groups were recorded and compared on the third day and the sixth week postoperatively. The curative effects associated with the surgery were analyzed on the fourteenth day and the sixth week after surgery and the therapeutic results were evaluated. Results: Three patients were dropped out due to the early discharge from hospital and losing connection (1 in study group and 2 in control group). Overall the surgery showed that the anoplasty group had better results than the fissurectomy group in the curative effect on the sixth week after operation (P0.05). There were no significant differences in relieving the anal canal pressure (P>0.05) and the surgical complications (dysuria, edema of anal margin, fever, infection, anal incontinence and anal deformation) between the two groups (P>0.05). None of the patients suffered postoperative complications by the sixth week after operation. Furthermore, there was no recurrence in either of the two groups at six weeks after operation. Conclusion: The results indicate that anoplasty for chronic anal fissures has advantages such as better therapeutic effects, less postoperative pain, a shorter healing time and no incidence of anal incontinence.
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OBJECTIVE: To establish a RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of Protocatechuic acid and Protocatechuic aldehyde in Fuxuekang granules. METHODS: The chromatography was carried on Achirom Bond-1 C18 column(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m). The mobile phase was composed of methanol - water (20∶80,pH=2.80 adjusted by glacial acetic acid) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL?min-1. The detection wavelengths were programmed at 256 nm for Protocatechuic acid and at 280 nm for Protocatechuic aldehyde. RESULTS: The linear ranges for Protocatechuic acid and Protocatechuic aldehyde were 5.49～73.22 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 9) and 4.81～64.13 ?g?mL-1(r=0.999 9), respectively, and their average recoveries were 96.86%(RSD=2.52%,n=9) and 97.55%(RSD=3.82%,n=9) respectively. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, sensitive, and reproducible, and it is applicable for the quality control of Fuxuekang granules.
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Objective:To study the levels of soluble interleukin-2 receptor(sIL-2R) in patients with head and neck cancer.Methods:Using the method of sandwich ELISA, the sIL-2R in 60 cases of patients with head and neck cancer, 60 with benign tumor and 50 of healthy subjects were measured.Results:The concentration(U/ml) of serum sIL-2R in patients with head and neck cancer was significantly higher than that in those with benign tumor(571.9?294.2 vs 305.9?104.8, P0.05).Conclusion:sIL-2R may be related to head and neck cancer.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the dissolution rate of clarithromycin slow - released tablet in vitro. METHODS: The dissolubility of clarithromycin slow- released tablet was determined by UV - spectrophotometry .RESULTS: The Weibulls distribution function equation of self - prepared and imported clarithromycin slow - released tablets were lnln1/1-F(t)=1.5 291 lnt-3.7 539, (r = 0.9 842) and lnln1/1-F(t)=1.5 216 lnt-3.6 759,(r = 0.9 830) .respectively .The dissolution rates of self-prepared and imported slow - released tablets were comparable.CONCLUSION: The study indicates that the self - prepared slow - released tablet had satisfactory sustained release effect.The method established for assaying the dissolution rate was suitable for quality control of clarithromycin slow - released tablet.
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OBJECTIVE:To compare the relative bioavailability and pharmacokinetic parameters of domestic ciclosporin soft capsules with those of imported ciclosporin soft capsules METHODS:The drug concentration in blood were assayed by TDx after administration of a single oral dose of 300mg domestic or imported ciclosporin soft capsules to each of 12 healthy male volunteers in a randomized crossover study RESULTS:The AUC were(10 47?1 74)?g/(ml?h)and(10 71?1 45)?g/(ml?h),the Cmax were(1 91?0 31)?g/ml and(1 88?0 22)?g/ml,Tmax were(1 46?0 26)h and (1 38?0 31)h,for domestic and imported soft capsules,respectively The relative bioavailability of domestic ciclosporin soft capsules to imported ones was (97 59?9 71)% CONCLUSION:The result showed that the two soft capsules were bioequivalent